Hydraulic brick-iviachin e



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HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

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J. J. KOCH.

HYDRAULIG BRICK MACHINE.

No. 397,730. Patented Feb. 12, 1889.

(No-Model.) 1 4'Sh'eets-Sheet 4.

J. J. KOCH. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE. No. 397,730. Patented Feb. 12, 1889'.

N4 PETERS. PhowLixhogmpher. wuhingmn. D. C.

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UNiTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J ULIUS J. KOCH, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 397,730, dated February 12, 1889.

Application tiled Mey 22, 1888. Serial No. 274,753. (No model.)

To all 10710111 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIUS J. KOCH, of the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Brick-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specifioation, and in whichf Figure I is a vertical section t-hrough my improved machine, taken on line I I, Fig. IV. Fig. II is a vertical detail section. Fig. III is a section taken on line III III, Fig. IV. Fig. IV is a top view of the main part of the ma- Fig. V is an enlarged detail section showing the relief-valve. Fig. VI is an enlarged detail view, part in section and part in elevation, showing the valve that controls the passage of water to the upper plunger. Fig. VII is a section taken 011 line VII VII, Fig. I. Fig. VIII is a detail top view showing the parts illustrated in Fig. VII, and showing also a part of the lower plunger. Fig. IX is a top view ofthe mold and frame. Fig. X is a front Fig. XI is section taken onfline XI XI, Fig. IX. Fig. XII is part in side view and part in section, the section being taken on line XII XII, Fig. IX.

l\Iy-invention relates to a brick-machine wherein both hydraulic and mechanical pressure are employed; and my invention consists in features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, 1, Fig. III, represents the table of the machine, in which is located the mold 3 represents the cl'larger, sliding or moving on the table 1, and which is operated by means of an arm, 4, pivoted to a suitable support by means of a rod or pin, 5, to which is also secured alever, 6, connected by a link, 7, to another lever, S, loosely mounted on a rod or shaft, 9.

10 represents a cam secured to a shaft, 1l, for raising the lever 8 and through means of the described connection, shovingthe charger 3 forward, and 12 represents a cam secured to a shaft, 13, for depressing the lever S and,

through means of the described connection,

drawing the charger backward. The shaft l1 is turned by means of a gear-wheel, 1 4, Fig. I, thereon, which meshes into a pinion, 15, on a counter-shaft, 16, upon which is mounted a driving-pulley, 17, with a belt, 18. (See Fig. I.) The shaft 13 is turned by having pinion-con nection 19 with the shaft 1l. The shafts are thus turned in opposite directions, the' cam 10 moving the lever 8 upward, as stated, andA the cam 12 movingit downward, as stated.

2O represents the lower plunger, upon the lower end of which is formed a cylinder, 21,

fitting over a fixed piston, 22. The piston is provided with avertical port or water-passage, 23, and a horizontal port or water-passage, 24, the latterbeing made in `horizontal extensions or wings 2526 of the pistou. The wing 25 is provided with a head or enlargement, 27, in which is made a vertical port, 2S, and a horizontal port, 29, with the latter of which connects a supply-pipe, 30, from a high-pressure pump. (Not shown.) The winO 26 is provided with a head or enlargement, 31, having a chamber, 32, into which tits the lower end of a rod, 33.

34 represents a tank connecting with `the port 29 by mea-ns of a pipe, 35, and a port, 36.

37 represents a valve located'in the port 29, and which'has a seat, 3S, at the mouth of the port 36. The stem 39 of this valve 37 is secured to a lever, 40, (see Figs. I, VII, and VIIL) which is rigidly secured toarock-shaft, 41, journaled in standards 42, secured to the head 27. Secured to the lever 40 at the opposite end tothe stem 39l is arod, 43, the

' lower end of which is connected to one end of a lever, 44, loosely mounted on the rod 9. (See Fig. I.) The lever 44 is provided with a pin, 45, against which (at the proper time) works a cam, 46, secured to the shaft 1l.

In the port 29 is another valve, 47, which has a seat, 48, at the upper end of the port 28. (See Fig. I.) The stem 49 of the valve 4T is secured at its upper en d to` a lever, 50, loosely mounted on the rod or shaft 4l.. Connected to the opposite end of the lever 50 to that to which the stem 49 is secured (see Fig.

VIII) `is a rod, 51, the lower end ofA which (see Fig. I) is connected to a lever, 52, loosely mounted on the rod 9, and which has a pin, 53, against which bears a cam, 54, on the shaft 11A.

represents a port communicating with. the port 34 and with which connects an exhaust-pipe 5U. At the uppercndof the port.

55 is a valve, 57,provided with a stem, .58,thc lower end of which is connected with a lever, 50, loosely mounted on the rod 9, and which provided with a pin, 00, engaged by a cam, 5 (S1, on thc shait 11. (Sec Fig. 1.)

i12 represents a cross-piece secured by rods ti-l to the cylinder ot' the lower plunger, shown in Fig. III. Surrounding' the rods 65% between the cross-piece (52 and wings 2011A ot the piston 22 are springs G11, the action ot' which is to return the lower plunger afterit has been raised. Secured to the cross-piece 02 a projection, 05, (see Fig. 1,) which, when the lower plunger moves upward, comes against the inner end of the lever titi and raises it. The lever is pivoted at (i7 and has a projection, S, to which is connected the inner end of a rod, G9, the outer end oi' the rod beingI connected to a lever, 70, pivoted at 71, and the lower end of which is connected to a movable member of a sliding clutch, 72, loca-ted on the shaft 1G. Then the inner end of the lever 66 is raised, the clutch is engaged and the mechanical part ot' the machine is set in mo- 5 tion. At the proper time the clutch is thrown out again by means ot a link, 7 3, engaging the lever titi, and which is connected at its lower end to a lever, 7 1, loosely mounted on the rod 9, and the other end of which is engaged at the proper time by means of a cam, 75,011 the shaft 13. The cam 7 5 depresscs the cnd of the lever' 7i to which the rod 7 3 is conn ected, and, pulling downward on the inner end oi" the lever 60, throws the clutch ont. Then the projection 65 on the cross-piece G2 comes against the lever Gti to engage the clutch, thc cam 75 has ot' course left thc lc- Vver 74.

7G represents the upper pliuiger, formed with a cylinder, 77, within which tits stationary piston, 7 S, having a vertical port, 7 9, and al horizontal chamber, 8.0, the latter being made in wings 81 8,2 on the upper end of the piston, the wing 8,1 having ahead, 83 in which is formed a porti, Si, connected by means of a pipe, 85 to a water-tank, S6. The wing S2 is provided with a head, 87, having a chamber, SS, in which theupper end of the rod 33 tits an d works. Located inthe port 8,1; 0i the head S3 is a valve, 88, having a seat, S9, and a stem, 90, tol the ripper end ot which is connected a lever, 91, (see Figs. l and 1111,) the lever being pivoted to a suitable support at 92, and having on its tree end frictionroller, 13, aga-inst which bears, a cam, 91, on a shaft, 9G, the said lever resting upon a cush ion, 97, which returns the valve to its seat.

The port S8 provided at its upper end with a safety-valve, 97, connected to a lever, 9S, pivoted at 00, and provided with a weight, 100, on its free cnd, this \,veight being suihcient to allow the valve tov open. only in case of an excess of pressure in the port or chamber S8. Communicating with the port 80 is a port, 101, (see Figs. I and V,) in. which fits a rod-valve, 1.02, with ahollow lower cnd, 103, having perforations or holes 10i. This rod `tank 80.

`a hook, 112,011 its lower end.

works through a stuiiingbox, 105, and th rough a chamber, 100, on the wing 82. The chamber 100 is connected by a pipe, 107, to the (See Figs. I and V.) As the pressure in the port S0 increases, thc rod 102 falls with it. l\\"hcn the pressing of the bricks in thc mold is completed, the pcri'orations .101 are raised above the stuliing-box 105, forming a communication between the port 101 and the chamber 100, and allowing the water to pass from the port S0, and consequently trom between the cylinder 77 oi the plimgcr 7 (i and the piston 7S, and as the rod 102 rises it lifts the free end of an arm or lever, 10S, to which it is connected at 100. The outer end of the 'lever 10S pivoted at 110 (scc Fig. Y) to a suitable tixed object, and to the inner end ot' the lever is connected a bar or rod, 111, with (See Figs. l an d l1.) As the upper plunger moves downward, aI projection, 1123, thereon engages a latch formed bythe hook 112 of the bar 111 and carries the bar, and consequently the 'ree end ot' the lever 105%, downward. This forces the lower perforated end oil the rod 10Q into the chamber or port 101 and shuts oit' the communication between the port 80 and the tank As the plungers complete their movement, a trip consisting oi' a rod or bar, 114,

(which has an incline, 115, on its upper cnth) comes against the hook 112 and forces it. out ot engagement with the projection 113, as hereinafter described, allowing the lever 10S and the rod 102 to rise, and thns open communicatimi again between the port 80 and the tank S0. ln ii'orcing the hook 112 out ot' engagement with thc projection 113 the incline 115 of the rod or bar 111 comes against an incline, 116, on the upper plunger. It is forced outward by coming against this incline, and accordingly forces the hook 112 outwardly, disengaging` it from the projection 113. rI he rod or bar 111.- passes thronghjthe mold-frame, and it is moved by al rod, 117, connected to the lower plunger, 22, the connection preferalfny being made by means oi lngs118 on the plunger, through which the rod passes, and a nut, 11.1), on the rod above t the lugs, so that by tanning the nut up` or down the rodV 117 will be raised or lowered relatively to the plunger, and also relatively to` the rod 11.4, so that the lati er can be made to disengage the hook 112 from the projection 113` sooner or later, as desired. The rod 117 may also` be raised and lowered by hand, it desired, and for this purpose 1 provide a lever, 120, through which the rod 117 pas and is with which engages a litt-rod, 1:11, having' a handle, 122, on its 'uppcr end. Beneath the rod 117 is an arm, 122i, loose on the rod .I, and which is operated by a cam, 12311-, on thc shaftil. The office of this to come against the lower cud oi' the rod 117 and torce it upward to cause theincline 115 to disengagc the hook 11i from the projection 113 in case the advancing movement of the plungcrs should not accomplish this for some reasonlOO ITO

-by dotted lilies in Fig. 1X.

as, for instance, there shouldghappen tok be an eXtra large charge of dirt in the mold, preventing the plungers getting near enough together to perform this disengagementI of the hook from the projection, in which case breakage might result if the pressure of the upper plunger were not released by this cam 'l and the arm 123 acting to disengage the hook 1l2, and allowing the upward movement of the valve 103. After being depressed the upper plunger is raised, first by the advancin g movement of the lower plunger, and then mechanically by means of links 141, a cross-head, 142, and rods 143. (See Fig. Ill.) The shaft OG is turned for this purpose by means of a rod, 150, coni'lected'to the shaft at its upper end by means o'f an arm or lever, 151, and connected at its lower end to one end of a lever, 152, on the rod 9. The .lever 152 has a pin, 153, against which a cam, 154, on the shaft 11 bears to move the rod 150 and raise the plunger. The first part of the downward movement of the plunger is also produced by this mechanism, except, instead ofthe cam 154 being utilized, a calm 155, on the shaft 13 is employed, this cam bearing against a pin, 156,011 the same end of the lever 152 as that having the pin 153. The lever 152 and the cams 15J-and 155 are shown best. in Fig. III.

170 represents a weight connected to the rod by means of a rod, 171, part of the rod 171 only being' shown in Fig. l, theupper end of this rod engaging a hole, 172, in the rod The mold 2l (see Figs. I and IX to XII, in-

inner sides of fixed pieces 181, which are located on rods 132, (that tie the upper and l lower pistons together,) and which form part of the table 1 of the machine.

133 represents sleeves located above and below the pieces 181 to hold them in place on the rods 132, which are surrounded by the sleeves.

The mold is slid into the grooves 180, and l is held from horizontal*movement therein by l means of strips 184, fitting in openings in the I pieces 13].. After the mold is inserted the strips 1524 are adjusted bywedge-shaped keys v185 to bring the mold to its proper adjust-l ment, and when it is lthus adjusted vertical l keys 13G are inscrted,which pass down through l i l l the strips and through the crosspiece 1.81, and which act to tie the two pieces 131 together and avoid displacement of the mold. -Thei mold is supported at its ends throughout its width by fitting in the grooves 180, and to support it at its sides l employ screws 187, which pass through the strips 184 and enter holes made in the sides of the mold, as shown This gives the mold a secure sul'iport entirely around it.

The operation of my improved machinefis l as follows: The charger is first moved forward to fill the mold and th en recedes. The upper plunger then commences to move downward elusive) fits in grooves 130, formed in thel OIL ' through means of the mechanical contrivance 1 have described, consisting' of the cam 154, lever 152, rod 150, crank 151, rock-shaft 96, crank-arm 140, and the rods 143. lVhen it is moved a certain distance by this mechanical device, it is moved then by hydraulic pressure. This is done bythe rod 33 beingI forced into the chamber 33 and displacing the water therein and forcing it Vinto the chamber between the cylinder of the upper plunger and the piston 73. by the-water in theport- 24 entering the chamber 32 beneath the rod 33, (the valve 47 having been opened by its cam 54 and connection described). The water that passes through this port issues Vfrom the tank 34 at iirst until the pressure in the tank is equalized, and then the valve 37 closes automatically by turning the shaft 41, which is free to turn as soon as this pressure is equalized. lVhen this valve closes, the water from the pressure-pump passes through the pipe 28 into the port 29. The rod 33 does not commence to move upward until the resistance of the weight1'70 is overcome, and as this weight may be regu-lated, or made lighter or heavier, the rod 33 may be made to move at the time desired. As soon as the valve 37 closes, it will remain closed under the pressure until itis then opened. The water, entering through the port 24 from the tank 34, passes through the port 23 into the chamber between the lower plunger and its piston, as well as into the chamber as stated, and thus causes the upward movement of the lower plunger, and the two plungers are thus caused to approach each other. Before the upward movement of the lower plunger ceases the pressure on the upper plunger is relieved` through means of the perforated pipe 103 and the valve Se, as stated, (the pipe acting, first, to relieve the pressure, and then the valve opening and allowing a free escape of the water. and the lower plunger commences to rise,

lifting the upper plunger to start its upward movement, this, of course, being after thev pressing` is done. The lower plunger, continuing to rise, lifts the bricks out of the mold. As the lower plunger completes its upward movement, its projection comes in contact with the lever 66 and sets the clutch, (the clutch having been disengaged by the rod 7 3 and its lever 74 and cam 75, as already de- 'scribed,) and the mechanism is again started.

lVhen the lower plunger has completed its upward movement, the valve 37 is raised byV means of the cam 41S and the described connection, or it may be opened by the lower plunger, to which it is connected. by an arm,v

200, rigidly secured to the shaft 4],and a rod,

201, (see Figs. l and VIL) and the exhaustvalve 57 opened, while the val ve 47 is closed.

rlhe plunger is then lowered under the influence of the springs (54. By the opening of the valve 37 at the time the plunger reaches its extent of upward movement the water is allowed to pass into the tank 34 from the IOO IlO

pressure-pump, as the valve i7 will be then closed. lVhen the lower plunger is down, as it is when the valve 37 closes automatically, there should be a lost motion between the nut 202 on the rod 201 and the lug 203 on the plunger', so :is not to inten-tere with the closing of the valve.

ln case the rod 32% should fail to act, then the upper plunger, with the ports 79 and 80, in combination with the safety-valve 07, will act as a watercush ion and pressure-regulator.

l claim as my invention- 1. ln la brick-machine, the combination, with the upper plunger having a cylinder and u piston, of twofluid-chambers, 232 S8, one of which is in communication with said cylinder and the other with a source of fluid under pressure, a rod, 2li), projecting into both of said chambers, a valve, 4,7, for shutting off said fluid-pressure, and cam 5l, adapted to open said valve, sulrstantially as set forth.

2. A brick-machil'xe having an upper and lower plunger, the upper plunger having a piston with ports, in combination with a chamber connected with one of said ports, a valve, 97, closing an opening in said chamber, and the rod 33, adapted to enter said chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a briclc-machine, the .colnl'lii'ia-t'fion, with the upper and lower plungers-having cylinders, pistons in said cylimlers, and a source of fluid under pressure connected with the lower cylinder, of two chambers, SS 32, connected with said upper and. lower cylinders, respectively, a rod, Sii, projecting `into said chambers, a valve l1 etwcen said source of pressure and the lower cylinder, cams 151i 1.55, for raising and lowering said upper plunger,

and mechanism for operatin said valve, substantially as set l'orth.

el. ln a brick-machine, the combinzition, with the upper plunger having a cylinder and a piston therein and a pipe for fluid under pressure, of two chambers, 9S 1:32, communicating with said cylinder and pressure-pipe, respectively, a rod, :l-, projecting into both of said chambers, a valve in said pressure-pipe, a lever-arm,1 5l, connected with said plunger, cams 151 155, acting upon said cra-ink-arm alternately in opposite directions, and a cam, 551., for opening said valve, substantially as set forth.

5. lnA a ln'iclmnachine, the combination,

with the upper 'plunger having a cylinder and a piston therein, and a pipe for [luid under pressure, and a lower plunger havin ga c vlinder and a pisi on and a source. of fluid under pressure, of two chambers communieaiing with said upper and lower cylinders, respectively, a rod project ing intoboth of said cham bers, a valve, l-T, in said pressurepipe, a lever arm, 1&0, connected with said upper plunger, cams acting upon said lever-arm alternately, and a cam, 54, for opening and a spring, G4, for closing saidV valve, substantially as set forth.

C. .ln a b1iel -machine, the combination of the upper plunger provided with a cylinder, a fixed piston fitting in the cylinder of the plunger, provided with ports, and a waterchamber connected with the cylinder, a rod for displacing the water in the chamber and remaining mirmally withdrawn, and suitable mechanism for reciprocating said rod, substantially as set forth.

7. In a brick-machine, the coml'iination of the upper and. lower plungers having cylinders, fixed pistons having ports for the passage of water into the chainbers between the respective cylinders and pistons, chambers communicating with the respective ports of the upper and lower pistons, and a rod fitting in said chambers and adapted to be forced into the upper chamber by the water in the lower chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a blick-machine, the coml'iination o1' the upper and lower plun gers provided with cylinders, iixed pistons having ports and chambers, a rod extending into the respective chambers at its upper and lower ends, and a weight connected to the rod, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

0. In a brick-machine, the combination of the lower plunger provided with a cylinder, a fixed piston having ports 23, 24, 28, and 20, valves 37 and 1i-7, and mechanism for operating the valves, consisting of levers 40 and it and (l0, connectingrods 4:3 and 51, and cams Afl-( and 5-1, mounted on an operating shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a brick-machine, the combination of the lower plunger provid ed with a cylinder, a

lixed piston having ports 2.3, 24, 2S, and 29, valves 37 and 47, and mechanism for operating the valves, consisting of levers t0 and 50, connecting-rods 43 and 51, levers 44k and 60, and cams 46 and 54, connected to an operat-4 ing-shaft, and additional means for operating the valve 37, consisting of a shaft, 41, and lever 200, connected to the cylinder of the plunger by means of a rod, 201, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

1'1. ln a brick-machine, the combination of the lower plunger provided with a cylinder, a fixed piston having ports 23, 24, 28, and 29, valves 37 and 1l-7 in port 29, provided with means for operating them, and tank 34, connected with port 20, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

l2. In a brick machine, the colnbination of the lower plunger provided with a cylinder, a piston having ports 2?, 24.-, 2S, and 20, valves 3T and 47, provided with means for operating them, and a shaft, 4-1, to which the valves are com'ieeted, the valve 37' being loosely connected to the shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. In a brick-machine, the combination of the lower plunger adapted to be raised hydraulically, and mechanism for lowering the` IOO IIO

plunger, consisting of rods G3, a cross-head, (32, and springs 64, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14. In a briclcmachine, the combination of a lower plunger, a shaft provided with a sliding clutch, and a lever for operating said clutch, said lever being oscillated by the movement ol thc plunger, substani ially as set forth.

In a l)rick-machine, the combination of the lower plunger, a shaft provided with a sl iding clutch, and mechanism for operating the clutch by the movement of the plunger, consisting of an arm,70, link G9, a lever, 66, and a cross-head, 62, connected to the plunger by means of rods 63, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

16. In a brick-machine, the combination of a lower plunger, a counter-shaft provided with a sliding clutch, mechanism for moving the clutch to engage it by the action of the plunger, and mechanism for disengaging the clutch, consisting of an arm, 7 O, link (9,lever Ut, link 73, arm 7-1, and cam 75, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

17. In a brick-machine, the combination of an upper plunger provided with a cylinder, a

' fixed piston fitting in the c ylinder, provided with ports 7 t) and SO, means for forcing water through the ports into the chamber between the piston and cylinder, and means for allowing the escape of water, consisting of a valve,

'103, fitting in a port, 101, communicating with the port S0, and passing through a chamber, 106, provided with a pipe, 107, communicating with a tank, SG, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

1S. In a brick-machine, the combination of an upper plunger provided with a cylinder, a piston fitting in the cylinder and having ports 7 9 and SO, mea-ns for forcing' the water through the ports into the chamber between the cylinder andpiston, and means for. allowing the escape of water, consisting of a perforated pipe controlled by suitable mechanism, and a valve, SS, operated by a cam, 91, in one di` rection and a spring, 97, in the other direction, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

1f). In a brick-machine, the combination of the upper plunger provided with a cylinder, a fixed piston fitting in the cylinder and having ports 7 .1 and S0, mechanism for forcing water through the ports into the chamber between the cylinder and piston, and mechanism for allowin the escape of water, consisting of a valve, '103, a latch vfor holding said valve closed, and a trip l'orlifting said latch,

. the valve SC", and a cam for unseati'ng said ver, the lower plunger, means `for raising the lower plunger, and rods 11.4 117, operated by the lower plunger and having an incline, 115, adapted to come aga-inst an incline, 11G, to disengage the hook 112 from a projection, 1.1.3, on the cylinder of the upper plunger, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

21. In a brick-machine, thc combination of the upper and lower plungers, rod-valve IOS, lever 10S, rods 111 117, hook 112 on the rod 111, incline 115 on the rods llt 117, incline 11G, and projection 113 on the upper plunger, and connection between the rod 117 and the lower plunger, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In a brick-machine having upper and lower plungcrs operated to do the pressing hydraulically, a valve for relcasin g the upper plunger, and mechanism for releasing the valve, consisting of a lever, 1OS, rod 111, having hook 112, rods 11-1c 1.17, having incline 115, adapted to bear against an incline, 1.16, on the upper plunger to disengage the hook 11.2 from the projection 1.13 on the upper plunger, and lever 123, operated by the cam 12S-lf, rubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

23. In a brick-machine, the combination of the upper and lower plungers operated hydraulicallyto press the bricks, a valve for releasing the pressure on the upper plunger, and mechanism for relieving the valve, consisting of rods 111 111c 117, one having a hook and the other an incline, as specified, and means for moving the rod by hand, consisting of a lever, 120, and rod 121, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In a brick-machine, the combination of the upper a-nd lower plungers operated hydraulically to press the bricks, a valve for relieving the pressure on the upper plunger, a latch holding said valve closed, and a tripclutch operated by the lower plunger for disengaging said latch, substantially as set forth.

25. In a lnick-machine, the combination of an upper plunger adapted to be lowered mechanically the first part of its downward movement and to be raised mechanically by mechanism consisting of a shaft, .ll, lever 1.10, cross-head 142, rod 113, lever 151, rod 150,v

JULIUS J. KOCH.

In presence of-- Gao'. H. KNIGHT, J os. WAHLE.

TOO

IIO

IZO 

